LI ZHANG

Professor, Institute for the History of Natural Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China

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In 1953, due to needs of self-development and national construction, in view of experiences of Soviet Academy of Sciences, the Party Leadership Group of Chinese Academy of Sciences decided to take the cultivation of scientific cadres as one of the central tasks and the cultivation of postgraduates as one of the focal points, following which the formulation of Interim Regulations on Postgraduate Cultivation by Chinese Academy of Sciences (hereinafter referred to as Regulations) was carried out. The Regulations was formulated in 1955 and issued in August, 1955. Its contents were obviously edified by the Soviet policies and systems for cultivating scientific cadres; however, to formulate regulations on postgraduate cultivation applicable for China’s actual conditions, Chinese Academy of Sciences didn’t indiscriminately imitate them, but made discreet screening and modification, with the absorption of many comments and suggestions from inside and outside of the Academy. The formulation of the Regulations laid momentous systematic foundation for Chinese Academy of Sciences to rapidly play an important role in China’s postgraduate education in the next ten years since then. The Regulations also provided reference basis for China’s institutions of higher learning to accumulate experiences on postgraduate education, and thus facilitated the development of postgraduate education towards the normalized direction.

Keywords: Soviet expert in China, planning and organization of the national scientific research, the plan of scientific and technological development, the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

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